Info-Grade

 

import java.util.Scanner; 
class EvenArray{
     public static void main(String args[]){
 Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); 
 int x, y; 
 System.out.print("Enter First Number : "); 
 x = in.nextInt(); 
 System.out.print("Enter Second Number : "); 
 y = in.nextInt(); 

 for(int i=x; i<=y; i++){
      if(i%2==0){
     System.out.println(i); 
      }
 }
     }
}

 
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.sql.*;
class Student extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
 JLabel sid,sname,slevel;
 JTextField tid,tname, tlevel;
 JButton insert, clear;
 JPanel p1,p2,p3,p4;
 Student()
 {
  setSize(400,250);
  setTitle("Students Data Entry");
  setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  
  p1=new JPanel();
  p2=new JPanel();
  p3=new JPanel();
  p4=new JPanel();

  setLayout(new BorderLayout());
  add(p1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
  add(p2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,2));
  p1.add(p3);
  p1.add(p4);

  p3.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 75,20));
  p4.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 25,20));
  sid=new JLabel("Student ID");
  sname=new JLabel("Student Name");
  slevel=new JLabel("Level");
  p3.add(sid);
  p3.add(sname);
  p3.add(slevel);
  tid=new JTextField(10);
  tname=new JTextField(10);
  tlevel=new JTextField(10);
  p4.add(tid);
  p4.add(tname);
  p4.add(tlevel);
  p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 20,20));
  insert=new JButton("Insert");
  clear=new JButton("Clear");
  
                p2.add(insert);
  p2.add(clear);
  
  insert.addActionListener(this);
  clear.addActionListener(this);
    
  setVisible(true);
 }
 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
 {
  Connection c=null;
  Statement s=null;
  try
  { 
   Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydb","root", "raj");
   s=c.createStatement();
   if(ae.getSource()==insert)
   {
           int id;
                                String name, level;
    id=Integer.parseInt(tid.getText());   
                                name=tname.getText();
    level=tlevel.getText();
    
  String query="insert into studentdb values("+id+",'"+name+"',"+level+")";
    s.executeUpdate(query);
  JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"Data is Recorded!!!!");
   
   }
   
   if(ae.getSource()==clear)
   {
                            tid.setText("");  
                            tname.setText(""); 
                            tlevel.setText("");
   }
  }
  catch(Exception e)
  {
                    System.out.println(e);
  }
 }
 public static void main(String a[])
 {
  new Student();
 }
}

• More reliable system (Ability to continue working if any CPU fails) 
• Enhanced Throughput 
• More Economic systems
• Increased Expense 
• Complicated Operating system required 
• Large main memory required 

Flynn's Classification 

• In 1966, Flynn's proposed or classified the computer architecture into 4 types. So this concept known as Flynn's classification. 
• This classification has been used as a tool in the design of modern processors and their functionalities. 
• Due to Flynn's classification the multiprocessing and multiprocessing concept has evolved. 
• Flynn's classified the system into four types that is based upon the number of current instruction streams and data streams available in the architecture . 

• It is Uni-processor machine 
• It executes a single instruction which operate on a single data stream. 
• In SISD, machine instructions are processed in a sequential manner, So it is known as sequential computers. 
• It this the speed of the processing element in the SISD model is limited or dependent on the rate at which the information is transformed. 

SISD Uni-Processor Architecture

Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) Systems 

• SIMD is multiprocessor system. 
• It execute the instruction on all the CPU's but operate on different data streams. 
• SIMD model is well suited to scientific operations. So that the information can be passed to all the processing elements organized data elements of vectors can be divided into multiple sets (N sets for N PE system) and each PE can process on data set. 
• SIMD system is cray's vector processing machine. 

SIMD Architecture (With Distributed Memory)

Captions : 

CU - Control Unit                     PU - Processing Unit

MU - Memory Unit                  IS - Instruction Stream

DS - Date Stream                      PE - Processing Element 

LM - Local Memory 

Multiple Instruction Single Data (MISD) Systems 

• It is a multiprocessor machine 
• It execute different instructions on different PE (Processing Element) but all of the operates on the same data set. 

                      Example ; sin(x) + cos(x) + tan(x)

• It performs different operations on the same data set. 
• The computer system built using the MISD model are not useful in most of the applications. 

MISD Architecture (The systolic Array)

Captions

CU - Control Unit,          PU- Processing Unit,            MU- Memory Unit, 

IS - Instruction Stream,          DS-Data Stream,             PE - Processing Element

LM - Local Memory 

Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) Systems)

• This system is multiprocessor machine
• It executes multiple instructions on multiple data sets. 
• In this, each processing elements (PE) has separate instruction and data streams
• The computer system built using the MIMD model are capable for all types of applications
• In this processing elements (PE) work asynchronously while SIMD and MISD machine doesn't work asynchronously 

MIMD Architecture (With shared Memory)

Captions: 

CU - Control Unit                 PU - Processing Unit

MU - Memory Unit               IS - Instruction Stream

DS - Data Stream                  PE - Processing Element

LM - Local Memory